Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 18، number In Volume 4، July 2025 ، issue Number 110

A Study of the Typology of the Protagonist in Simin Daneshvar's Novel Wandering Island based on Carol S. Pearson's Psychological Theory

Bahram Nasiri Pahlevan , Nozhat Noohi (Author in Charge), Heydar Hassanloo

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Archetypal criticism is one of the foundations of contemporary literary criticism, which was founded on the psychological principles and theories of Carl Gustav Jung and was later considered by other thinkers and psychologists, including Carol. S. Pearson and Hugh. K. Marr. In this method of criticism, in addition to paying attention to the archetypes of a work, how they are reflected in the infrastructure of the text is evaluated and analyzed. Pearson is one of the psychologists after Jung who, by presenting the twelve archetypes of the awakening of the inner hero, has presented the path of departure until the hero reaches his existential truth. The main goal of this study is to examine and evaluate the personality of the "being" of the main protagonist of the novel Wandering Island by Simin Daneshvar, based on Pearson"s model.

METHODOLOGY: The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical based on theoretical and library studies in which we will use Pearson"s archetypal criticism method and discuss and review by referring to the novel Wandering Island by Simin Daneshvar and analyzing the main character of the story "Being".

FINDINGS: The research findings show that based on Pearson"s archetypal criticism method, Being, as the main hero of the novel Wandering Island, goes through the stages of departure, "beginning of the journey" and return (promotion and transcendence) in order to achieve self-knowledge and freedom from wandering.

CONCLUSION: The results of the research indicate that among the twelve archetypes that Pearson presents, the innocent, orphan, protector, lover, and warrior archetypes are the archetypes that are well responsible for the process of individualization (self-discovery) of the hero of the story until he reaches transcendence and transcendence.

Keyword
Archetypal criticism. Archetype. Pearson's theory. The novel

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